Kule minyaka yangoku,Amandla esolaifumene ingqwalaselo ebanzi njengenye yemithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo ethembisayo.Ngeenkxalabo ezikhulayo malunga nokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nesidingo sezinye iindlela ezizinzileyo kumafutha e-fossil,Amandla esolaiye yavela njengento enokuthi itshintshe umdlalo.Kodwa kufuneka sisebenzise amandla angakanani elanga, yaye ngaba ngokwenene anokuba ngowona mthombo ubalaseleyo wamandla kwixesha elizayo?
Ilanga ngumthombo wamandla amaninzi, ngokuqhubekayo likhupha malunga ne-173,000 ye-terawatts.Amandla esolaemhlabeni.Enyanisweni, iyure enye yokukhanya kwelanga yanele ukunika amandla ehlabathini lonke kangangonyaka.Nangona kunjalo, kukho imingeni emininzi ekusebenziseni ngokufanelekileyo la mandla kunye nokuwaguqulela ekubeni ngumbane osebenzisekayo.
Ngoku,Amandla esolayenza inxalenye encinane yemveliso yamandla ehlabathini.Ngokutsho kwe-International Energy Agency, Amandla esolaIbalelwa kwi-2.7% kuphela yokuveliswa kombane kwihlabathi ngo-2019. Lo mahluko ubangelwa ubukhulu becala kwiindleko eziphezulu zeepaneli zelanga kunye nokuphazamiseka kokukhanya kwelanga.Ukusebenza kakuhle kwezijikelezi-langa zelanga nako kunendima ebalulekileyo ekuboneni indlela amandla elanga asetyenziswa ngayo.Ngaphandle kwenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji yamva nje, umndilili osebenzayo weepaneli zelanga uhlala ujikeleze i-15-20%.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza kwetekhnoloji yelanga kunye namaxabiso ahlayo,Amandla esola ngokuthe ngcembe iba lukhetho olusebenzisekayo.Iindleko zeepaneli zelanga ziye zehla kakhulu kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zifumaneke kumakhaya amaninzi nakumashishini.Ngenxa yoko, ukufakelwa kwesola kuyaqhubeka ukwanda, ngakumbi kumazwe anemigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente efanelekileyo kunye nenkuthazo.
Ukongezelela, ukuphuhliswa kweenkqubo zokugcina amandla ezifana neebhetri kusombulula ingxaki yokukhanya kwelanga.Ezi nkqubo zinokugcina amandla agqithisileyo aveliswa emini kwaye ziwasebenzise ngexesha lokukhanya kwelanga eliphantsi okanye elingekhoyo.Ngoko ke,Amandla esolaiyakwazi ukubotshelelwa naxa kungekho kukhanya kwelanga, oko kuyenza ibe ngumthombo othembekileyo nozinzileyo wombane.
Ukubanakho kweAmandla esolaukuba ngumthombo wamandla olawulayo kwikamva ngokungathandabuzekiyo kuyathembisa.Ukongeza ekubeni sisixhobo esinokuhlaziywa kunye nesininzi,Amandla esolaineenzuzo ezininzi zokusingqongileyo.Ayivelisi ukukhutshwa kwerhasi yegreenhouse ngexesha lokusebenza, ukunciphisa kakhulu i-carbon footprint xa kuthelekiswa namafutha efosili.Amandla elanga nawo anamandla okuphucula ukufikelela kumandla kwiindawo ezikude apho iigridi zemveli zingenako.
Amazwe amaninzi aye aqaphela amandla okuAmandla esolakwaye ibeke iinjongo zamabhongo ukwandisa isabelo sayo kumxube wamandla.Ngokomzekelo, iJamani iceba ukuvelisa i-65% yombane wayo kwimithombo yamandla avuselelekayo, aphoAmandla esolaidlala indima ebalulekileyo.Ngokufanayo, i-Indiya ijolise ekuveliseni i-40% yamandla ayo kwimithombo ehlaziyiweyo ngo-2030, ngokugxila kumandla elanga.
Nangona amandla elanga aneenzuzo zawo, inguqu epheleleyo ukuyaAmandla esolaiya kufuna utyalo-mali olubalulekileyo kwiziseko ezingundoqo kunye nophando.Ukuphuhliswa kweepaneli zelanga ezisebenza ngakumbi kunye neenkqubo zokugcina amandla, kunye nenkqubela phambili yeteknoloji yegridi, ibalulekile.Ukongezelela, oorhulumente kunye nabenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo kufuneka baqhubeke bexhasa ukukhula kwelanga ngokusebenzisa inkuthazo yemali kunye nemimiselo.
Ukuququmbela,Amandla esolaunesakhono esikhulu sokuba ngowona mthombo wamandla kwixesha elizayo.NgokwaneleyoAmandla esolaekhoyo kunye nenkqubela phambili kwizakhono zeteknoloji kunye nezoqoqosho,Amandla esolaiya isiba lukhetho olusebenzayo.Nangona kunjalo, inguqu emandla ifuna utyalo-mali oluzinzileyo kunye nenkxaso ukoyisa imingeni ekhoyo.Ukusebenza kunye,Amandla esolaingavula indlela yekamva elicocekileyo nelizinzileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-22-2023